HSK 6 · Native stories

二十四节气 · The Twenty-Four Solar Terms

Èrshísì Jiéqì — Before clocks and calendars, a country told time by wind, rain and light.

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Every word shows its pinyin above the characters. The English translation follows each line.

zài钟表zhōngbiǎo日历rìlì出现chūxiàn以前,yǐqián中国人Zhōngguó rényòng二十四个èrshísì ge节气jiéqìlái分辨fēnbiàn时间。shíjiān

Before clocks and calendars existed, Chinese people distinguished time by twenty-four solar terms.

它们tāmen一年yì nián切成qiē chéng二十四段,èrshísì duàn每一段měi yí duàn大约dàyuē十五天。shíwǔ tiān

They cut the year into twenty-four segments, each about fifteen days.

这些zhèxiē名字míngzi本身běnshēnjiùxiàng诗:shī立春、lìchūn惊蛰、jīngzhé清明、qīngmíng芒种、mángzhòng霜降、shuāngjiàng大寒。dàhán

The names themselves read like poetry: Beginning of Spring, Waking of Insects, Clear and Bright, Grain in Ear, Frost's Descent, Great Cold.

惊蛰jīngzhéde意思yìsi是,shì春雷chūnléi响了,xiǎng le冬眠dōngmiánde虫子chóngzibèi惊醒。jīngxǐng

Waking of Insects means the spring thunder has sounded and the hibernating creatures are startled awake.

清明qīngmíng前后,qiánhòu种瓜zhòng guā点豆,diǎn dòu农民nóngmín知道zhīdàogāi下地xià dì了。le

Around Clear and Bright one sows melons and beans; the farmer knows it is time to go to the fields.

芒种mángzhòngshì最忙zuì mángde时候,shíhouyàoshōu麦子,màiziyòuyào插秧。chā yāng

Grain in Ear is the busiest time: the wheat must be reaped and the rice seedlings transplanted.

霜降shuāngjiàng之后,zhīhòu天气tiānqì转冷,zhuǎn lěng树叶shùyè开始kāishǐ落下。luò xià

After Frost's Descent the weather turns cold and the leaves begin to fall.

每一个měi yí ge节气jiéqìdōu对应着duìyìng zhe天上tiān shàngde位置wèizhi地上dì shàngde农事。nóngshì

Every solar term corresponds to a position in the sky and a task on the ground.

古人gǔrén没有méiyǒu精密jīngmìde仪器,yíqìkàodeshì一代代yí dài dàide观察guānchá记忆。jìyì

The ancients had no precise instruments; they relied on generations of observation and memory.

他们tāmen太阳tàiyáng走过zǒu guòde路,变成biàn chéngle可以kěyǐ背诵bèisòngde句子。jùzi

They turned the path the sun travelled into sentences that could be recited.

今天jīntiān大多数人dà duōshù rén不再bú zài种地,zhòng dì节气jiéqì似乎sìhū生活shēnghuó远了。yuǎn le

Today most people no longer farm, and the solar terms seem remote from daily life.

可是kěshì每到měi dào冬至,dōngzhì北方人běifāng rén还是háishihuìbāo饺子。jiǎozi

Yet whenever Winter Solstice comes, northerners still wrap dumplings.

每到měi dào清明,qīngmíng人们rénmen仍旧réngjiùhuìgěi祖先zǔxiān扫墓。sǎomù

Whenever Clear and Bright comes, people still go to sweep their ancestors' graves.

天气预报tiānqì yùbào节气jiéqì准确zhǔnquè得多,de duōdàn节气里jiéqì lǐyǒu别的bié de东西。dōngxi

Weather forecasts are far more accurate than the solar terms, but the terms hold something else.

提醒tíxǐng我们,wǒmen时间shíjiān不是bú shì数字,shùzì而是ér shì风、fēngguāngde变化。biànhuà

They remind us that time is not a number but the changing of wind, rain and light.

二零一六年,èr líng yī liù nián二十四节气èrshísì jiéqìbèi列入liè rùle世界shìjiè非物质fēi wùzhì文化遗产。wénhuà yíchǎn

In 2016 the twenty-four solar terms were inscribed as world intangible cultural heritage.

Vocabulary in this story (133 words)

WordPinyinMeaning
zàibefore
钟表zhōngbiǎoclocks
and
日历rìlìcalendars
出现chūxiànappeared
以前yǐqiánbefore
中国人Zhōngguó rénChinese people
yòngused
二十四个èrshísì getwenty-four
节气jiéqìsolar terms
láito
分辨fēnbiàndistinguish
时间shíjiāntime
它们tāmenthey
(object marker)
一年yì niánthe year
切成qiē chéngcut into
二十四段èrshísì duàntwenty-four segments
每一段měi yí duàneach segment
大约dàyuēabout
十五天shíwǔ tiānfifteen days
这些zhèxiēthese
名字míngzinames
本身běnshēnthemselves
jiùsimply
xiàngread like
shīpoetry
立春lìchūnBeginning of Spring
惊蛰jīngzhéWaking of Insects
清明qīngmíngClear and Bright
芒种mángzhòngGrain in Ear
霜降shuāngjiàngFrost's Descent
大寒dàhánGreat Cold
de(of)
意思yìsithe meaning
shìis
春雷chūnléithe spring thunder
响了xiǎng lehas sounded
冬眠dōngmiánhibernating
虫子chóngzithe insects
bèiare
惊醒jīngxǐngstartled awake
前后qiánhòuaround
种瓜zhòng guāone sows melons
点豆diǎn dòuand plants beans
农民nóngmínthe farmer
知道zhīdàoknows
gāiit is time to
下地xià dìgo to the fields
le(now)
最忙zuì mángthe busiest
时候shíhoutime
yàoone must
shōureap
麦子màizithe wheat
yòuand also
插秧chā yāngtransplant rice seedlings
之后zhīhòuafter
天气tiānqìthe weather
转冷zhuǎn lěngturns cold
树叶shùyèthe leaves
开始kāishǐbegin
落下luò xiàto fall
每一个měi yí geevery
dōuall
对应着duìyìng zhecorresponds to
天上tiān shàngin the sky
位置wèizhia position
地上dì shàngon the ground
农事nóngshìfarm work
古人gǔrénthe ancients
没有méiyǒuhad no
精密jīngmìprecise
仪器yíqìinstruments
kàorelied on
一代代yí dài dàigeneration after generation
观察guāncháobservation
记忆jìyìmemory
他们tāmenthey
太阳tàiyángthe sun
走过zǒu guòtravelled
the path
变成biàn chéngturned into
可以kěyǐthat could
背诵bèisòngbe recited
句子jùzisentences
今天jīntiāntoday
大多数人dà duōshù rénmost people
不再bú zàino longer
种地zhòng dìfarm
似乎sìhūseem
from
生活shēnghuódaily life
远了yuǎn leto have grown distant
可是kěshìyet
每到měi dàowhenever it reaches
冬至dōngzhìWinter Solstice
北方人běifāng rénnortherners
还是háishistill
huìwill
bāowrap
饺子jiǎozidumplings
人们rénmenpeople
仍旧réngjiùstill
go
gěifor
祖先zǔxiāntheir ancestors
扫墓sǎomùto sweep the graves
天气预报tiānqì yùbàoweather forecasts
than
准确zhǔnquèaccurate
得多de duōfar more
dànbut
节气里jiéqì lǐwithin the terms
yǒuthere is
别的bié deother
东西dōngxisomething
they
提醒tíxǐngremind
我们wǒmenus
不是bú shìis not
数字shùzìa number
而是ér shìbut rather
fēngwind
rain
guānglight
变化biànhuàthe changing
二零一六年èr líng yī liù niánin 2016
二十四节气èrshísì jiéqìthe twenty-four solar terms
列入liè rùinscribed into
世界shìjièworld
非物质fēi wùzhìintangible
文化遗产wénhuà yíchǎncultural heritage

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