茶马古道 · The Ancient Tea Horse Road
Chá Mǎ Gǔdào — A trade route through clouds, between leaves and hooves.
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Every word shows its pinyin above the characters. The English translation follows each line.
茶马古道是中国西南与西藏之间最古老的山间贸易通道之一。
The Tea Horse Road is one of the oldest mountain trade routes between southwest China and Tibet.
始于唐宋年间,商队沿着这条古道以茶换马。
Beginning in the Tang and Song, caravans traded tea for horses along this road.
路线穿越高山大江,是世界上最凶险的商道之一。
The route winds through mountains and rivers, the most dangerous in the world.
马帮在路上一走就是几个月。
The horse caravans (mabang) walked the road for months on end.
头马的铃铛日夜作响。
The bell on the head horse rang day and night.
他们把茶叶、盐和丝绸运进藏区。
They brought tea, salt, and silk into Tibet.
回程时则运回马匹、皮毛与藏药。
On the way back they brought horses, hides, and Tibetan medicine.
它如今已无人行走,但那些山道仍在,风也在。
It is no longer in use, but those mountain paths still endure.
谁走过一次,都会听见一首从过去传来的沉郁长歌。
Whoever walks them once will hear a deep song coming from the past.
马帮的队伍里,每个人都有自己的位置。
In a caravan every man had his own place.
走在最前面的叫锅头,他决定今天走到哪里。
The man walking at the front was the guotou, and he decided how far they went that day.
路窄的地方,一边是山壁,一边是几百米的深谷。
Where the path narrowed, one side was rock wall and the other a gorge hundreds of metres deep.
马失前蹄的事,每年都会发生几次。
A horse losing its footing happened several times a year.
他们在山里睡觉,把马围成一圈挡风。
They slept in the mountains, ringing the horses around them to block the wind.
到了藏区,一块砖茶可以换一匹好马。
In the Tibetan regions, one brick of tea could be traded for a good horse.
茶在高原上不是饮料,而是必需品。
On the plateau tea was not a drink but a necessity.
那里蔬菜很少,茶能补充身体需要的东西。
Vegetables were scarce there, and tea supplied what the body needed.
二十世纪五十年代,公路修通了。
In the 1950s the motor road was put through.
铃铛声停了,可是路还在山上,一圈一圈地绕。
The bells stopped, but the road is still on the mountain, winding round and round.
Vocabulary in this story (148 words)
| Word | Pinyin | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 茶马古道 | Chá Mǎ Gǔdào | the Ancient Tea Horse Road |
| 是 | shì | is |
| 中国 | Zhōngguó | China's |
| 西南 | xīnán | southwest |
| 与 | yǔ | and |
| 西藏 | Xīzàng | Tibet |
| 之间 | zhījiān | between |
| 最 | zuì | most |
| 古老 | gǔlǎo | ancient |
| 的 | de | (of) |
| 山间 | shān jiān | mountain |
| 贸易 | màoyì | trade |
| 通道 | tōngdào | routes |
| 之一 | zhī yī | one of |
| 始 | shǐ | beginning |
| 于 | yú | in |
| 唐宋 | Táng Sòng | Tang and Song |
| 年间 | niánjiān | period |
| 商队 | shāngduì | caravans |
| 沿 | yán | along |
| 着 | zhe | (continuous) |
| 这 | zhè | this |
| 条 | tiáo | (measure) |
| 古道 | gǔdào | old road |
| 以 | yǐ | using |
| 茶 | chá | tea |
| 换 | huàn | to exchange for |
| 马 | mǎ | horses |
| 路线 | lùxiàn | the route |
| 穿越 | chuānyuè | crosses |
| 高山 | gāoshān | high mountains |
| 大江 | dà jiāng | and great rivers |
| 世界 | shìjiè | the world's |
| 上 | shàng | on |
| 凶险 | xiōngxiǎn | perilous |
| 商道 | shāngdào | trade routes |
| 马帮 | mǎbāng | horse caravans |
| 在 | zài | on |
| 路 | lù | the road |
| 一 | yī | one |
| 走 | zǒu | walked |
| 就是 | jiùshì | meant |
| 几 | jǐ | several |
| 个月 | ge yuè | months |
| 头马 | tóu mǎ | the lead horse's |
| 铃铛 | língdang | bell |
| 日夜 | rìyè | day and night |
| 作响 | zuò xiǎng | rang |
| 他们 | tāmen | they |
| 把 | bǎ | (disposal) |
| 茶叶 | cháyè | tea leaves |
| 盐 | yán | salt |
| 和 | hé | and |
| 丝绸 | sīchóu | silk |
| 运 | yùn | transported |
| 进 | jìn | into |
| 藏区 | Zàng qū | Tibetan regions |
| 回程 | huíchéng | return trip |
| 时 | shí | on |
| 则 | zé | in turn |
| 回 | huí | back |
| 马匹 | mǎpǐ | horses |
| 皮毛 | pímáo | furs |
| 藏药 | zàng yào | Tibetan medicine |
| 它 | tā | it |
| 如今 | rújīn | today |
| 已 | yǐ | already |
| 无人 | wú rén | no one |
| 行走 | xíngzǒu | travels (it) |
| 但 | dàn | but |
| 那 | nà | those |
| 些 | xiē | (plural) |
| 山道 | shāndào | mountain paths |
| 仍 | réng | still |
| 风 | fēng | the wind |
| 也 | yě | too |
| 谁 | shuí | whoever |
| 过 | guò | on (them) |
| 一次 | yí cì | once |
| 都 | dōu | all |
| 会 | huì | will |
| 听见 | tīngjiàn | hear |
| 一首 | yì shǒu | a |
| 从 | cóng | from |
| 过去 | guòqù | the past |
| 传来 | chuán lái | transmitted |
| 沉郁 | chényù | melancholy |
| 长歌 | cháng gē | long song |
| 队伍里 | duìwu lǐ | in the column |
| 每个人 | měi ge rén | every man |
| 有 | yǒu | had |
| 自己的 | zìjǐ de | his own |
| 位置 | wèizhi | place |
| 最前面 | zuì qiánmiàn | the very front |
| 叫 | jiào | was called |
| 锅头 | guōtóu | the guotou |
| 他 | tā | he |
| 决定 | juédìng | decided |
| 今天 | jīntiān | that day |
| 走到哪里 | zǒu dào nǎlǐ | how far they walked |
| 路窄 | lù zhǎi | the path narrow |
| 地方 | dìfang | where |
| 一边 | yì biān | one side |
| 山壁 | shānbì | rock wall |
| 几百米 | jǐ bǎi mǐ | hundreds of metres |
| 深谷 | shēngǔ | deep gorge |
| 马失前蹄 | mǎ shī qián tí | a horse losing its footing |
| 的事 | de shì | such a thing |
| 每年 | měi nián | every year |
| 都会 | dōu huì | would |
| 发生 | fāshēng | happen |
| 几次 | jǐ cì | several times |
| 山里 | shān lǐ | the mountains |
| 睡觉 | shuìjiào | slept |
| 围成 | wéi chéng | ringed into |
| 一圈 | yì quān | a circle |
| 挡风 | dǎng fēng | to block the wind |
| 到 | dào | reaching |
| 了 | le | (past) |
| 一块 | yí kuài | one |
| 砖茶 | zhuān chá | brick of tea |
| 可以 | kěyǐ | could |
| 一匹 | yì pǐ | a |
| 好马 | hǎo mǎ | good horse |
| 高原上 | gāoyuán shàng | the plateau |
| 不是 | bú shì | was not |
| 饮料 | yǐnliào | a drink |
| 而是 | ér shì | but rather |
| 必需品 | bìxūpǐn | a necessity |
| 那里 | nàlǐ | there |
| 蔬菜 | shūcài | vegetables |
| 很少 | hěn shǎo | were scarce |
| 能 | néng | could |
| 补充 | bǔchōng | supply |
| 身体 | shēntǐ | the body |
| 需要 | xūyào | needed |
| 东西 | dōngxi | the things |
| 二十世纪 | èrshí shìjì | the twentieth century's |
| 五十年代 | wǔshí niándài | 1950s |
| 公路 | gōnglù | the motor road |
| 修通 | xiū tōng | was put through |
| 铃铛声 | língdang shēng | the sound of bells |
| 停 | tíng | stopped |
| 可是 | kěshì | but |
| 还在 | hái zài | is still on |
| 山上 | shān shàng | the mountain |
| 一圈一圈地 | yì quān yì quān de | round and round |
| 绕 | rào | winding |